How can I specify Long Breaks/Recess times?

You can add breaks between periods:
How can I print breaks between lessons?

Then by default all double lessons cannot span over these breaks.

If you allow certain double lessons to span while others not that you can define for each subject individually if double lessons of this subject can or cannot span over the breaks. You can do this in subject Constraints:

See also:
We have different bells on some days.